Daily Current Affairs: 28-12-2025 | Prelims Focus

Correct answer: B) First successful return of lunar soil samples from the far side of the Moon.
Notes: ISRO, in collaboration with its international partners, recently made headlines with the groundbreaking success of its Chandrayaan-4 mission. This mission achieved the unprecedented feat of successfully retrieving and returning lunar soil samples from the Moon’s enigmatic far side. This accomplishment is a colossal leap in space exploration, providing scientists with invaluable material for studying the Moon’s geological history and composition, especially the less-explored regions. The samples are expected to offer new insights into the formation of the solar system and the Moon’s unique geological processes, propelling India’s stature in global space research. This mission highlights ISRO’s advanced capabilities in complex robotic sample return operations.

Correct answer: C) Ethical governance and responsible deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
Notes: The ‘Global Digital Ethics Accord (GDEA) 2025’ is a landmark international agreement aimed at establishing a common framework for the ethical governance and responsible deployment of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Recognising the transformative yet potentially disruptive impact of AI, the accord addresses critical issues such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, transparency, accountability, and the prevention of AI misuse. India’s participation underscores its commitment to shaping a human-centric approach to AI development. This agreement seeks to foster international cooperation, guide national policies, and ensure that AI technologies benefit humanity while mitigating associated risks, setting a precedent for global tech regulation.

Correct answer: B) To establish integrated cold chain infrastructure and food processing units in rural areas.
Notes: The ‘Pradhan Mantri Gramin Krishi Samridhi Yojana’ (PMGKSSY), a significant new initiative by the Indian government, is designed to boost the agricultural sector by focusing on post-harvest management. Its core objective is to establish robust, integrated cold chain infrastructure and modern food processing units directly in rural areas. This scheme aims to reduce post-harvest losses, enhance the value realization for farmers’ produce, and create local employment opportunities. By linking farmers directly to markets and processing facilities, PMGKSSY seeks to empower rural economies, reduce waste, and improve the overall efficiency and profitability of the agricultural supply chain across India.

Correct answer: B) It incorporates advanced stealth technology and maneuvering warheads (MIRV capability).
Notes: The ‘Agni-P Prime’ represents a substantial leap in India’s strategic defence capabilities. This new-generation ballistic missile, successfully test-fired recently, stands out primarily due to its integration of advanced stealth technology, making it extremely difficult for enemy radar systems to detect and track. Furthermore, it boasts Multiple Independently Targetable Re-entry Vehicle (MIRV) capability, allowing a single missile to carry several warheads, each capable of striking different targets simultaneously. These features significantly enhance India’s deterrence posture, offering greater flexibility and precision in strategic operations and reinforcing the nation’s indigenous missile development prowess.

Correct answer: C) The shallow-water tropical coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific.
Notes: The ‘Global Coral Reef Restoration Summit 2025’, a critical international gathering, culminated in a renewed and significant global pledge specifically aimed at protecting the highly endangered shallow-water tropical coral reefs, particularly those found in the vast Indo-Pacific region. These reefs are biodiversity hotspots, crucial for marine life, coastal protection, and local economies, but are severely threatened by climate change, ocean acidification, and pollution. The summit emphasized scaling up restoration techniques, improving monitoring, and securing substantial funding for initiatives like coral gardening and microfragmentation to reverse the alarming decline of these vital ecosystems globally.