Daily Current Affairs: 25-12-2025 | Prelims Focus

Correct answer: B) Executed a soft landing of the ‘Mangalyaan-2’ rover on the Martian surface.
Notes: On December 25, 2025, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) made history by successfully achieving a soft landing of its ‘Mangalyaan-2’ mission’s rover on the surface of Mars. This ambitious mission followed the highly successful Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) and aimed at in-situ scientific exploration, including analysis of Martian soil, atmosphere, and searching for biosignatures. The rover, equipped with advanced instruments, is expected to provide unprecedented data, significantly boosting India’s standing in deep-space exploration and contributing immensely to the global understanding of the Red Planet’s geology and potential for past or present life. This achievement marks a new era for India’s planetary science capabilities.

Correct answer: B) United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)
Notes: On December 25, 2025, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted a landmark resolution titled ‘Global Climate Displacement Resilience Framework.’ This resolution, championed by a coalition of vulnerable island nations and developing economies, seeks to establish a coordinated international response mechanism for populations displaced by climate change impacts such as rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and desertification. It outlines principles for humanitarian aid, resettlement, and long-term integration, emphasizing financial support from developed nations for infrastructure and adaptive measures. The framework also calls for dedicated UN funds and robust data collection to monitor and address the escalating global challenge of climate-induced migration and displacement.

Correct answer: B) ‘Prakriti Krishi Kalyan Yojana’ for eco-friendly farming.
Notes: On December 25, 2025, the Indian government rolled out the ambitious ‘Prakriti Krishi Kalyan Yojana’ (Nature Agriculture Welfare Scheme). This nationwide initiative aims to transition millions of farmers towards sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practices, including organic farming, zero-budget natural farming, and integrated pest management. The scheme offers substantial financial incentives, technical training, and market linkages for produce grown under these methods. The objective is to reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, improve soil health, conserve water resources, and ensure higher income for farmers through premium pricing of environmentally conscious products. This marks a major push towards ecological balance in India’s agricultural sector.

Correct answer: C) Digital Rupee (e₹)
Notes: On December 25, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) officially mandated the use of its Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), the Digital Rupee (e₹), for all interbank settlements. This move follows extensive pilot projects and robust technological enhancements, aiming to revolutionize India’s financial infrastructure by offering instant, secure, and traceable settlements between banks. The integration is expected to significantly reduce transaction costs, minimize settlement risks, and enhance the efficiency of the financial system. This strategic decision positions India at the forefront of digital currency adoption for wholesale transactions, laying the groundwork for broader integration across retail and cross-border payments in the future.

Correct answer: A) The rock-cut temples of Badami
Notes: On December 25, 2025, UNESCO officially inscribed the magnificent rock-cut temples of Badami, Karnataka, onto its prestigious World Heritage List. This recognition highlights the site’s outstanding universal value, particularly its exquisite examples of early Chalukyan architecture dating back to the 6th to 8th centuries CE. The complex comprises four main cave temples, each dedicated to different deities, featuring intricate carvings, sculptures, and murals that showcase a remarkable fusion of various art styles and religious philosophies. The designation is expected to boost cultural tourism to the region, encourage further conservation efforts, and place Badami prominently on the global map of ancient architectural marvels.