1. India’s space agency, ISRO, recently launched its ambitious ‘Tara-V’ mission. What is the primary objective of this groundbreaking mission?
A) To establish a permanent lunar base for human habitation.
B) To conduct detailed atmospheric studies of Venus.
C) To explore the habitability potential of exoplanet GJ 9827 d.
D) To deploy a new generation of communication satellites for rural connectivity.
Correct answer: C Notes: The ‘Tara-V’ mission marks a significant leap in India’s deep-space exploration capabilities. Its primary goal is to conduct in-depth studies of exoplanet GJ 9827 d, a potentially habitable “water world” orbiting a red dwarf star 100 light-years away. The probe will utilize advanced spectroscopic instruments to analyze the exoplanet’s atmospheric composition, searching for biosignatures like oxygen, methane, and water vapor. This mission underscores ISRO’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of scientific discovery and understanding the prevalence of life beyond Earth, positioning India as a key player in exoplanetary research. The data collected could redefine our understanding of planetary formation and habitability in other star systems.
2. The ‘Blue Horizon Accord 2026’ was recently signed by over 150 nations at the UN Climate Summit. What is its core focus?
A) Regulating deep-sea mining operations globally.
B) Establishing a carbon credit exchange for developing nations.
C) Promoting international cooperation on nuclear disarmament.
D) Accelerating the transition to green hydrogen as a primary energy source.
Correct answer: A Notes: The ‘Blue Horizon Accord 2026’ addresses the escalating global concerns surrounding deep-sea mining. With technological advancements making access to valuable minerals on the ocean floor feasible, the accord establishes a comprehensive framework to regulate these activities. It focuses on implementing strict environmental impact assessments, ensuring equitable benefit sharing with developing nations, and creating marine protected areas in ecologically sensitive deep-sea ecosystems. The agreement aims to prevent irreversible damage to fragile marine biodiversity and safeguard ocean health, reflecting a collective international effort to achieve sustainable ocean management and protect the ‘common heritage of mankind’ in the face of resource exploitation pressures.
3. India recently inducted the ‘Iron Shield’ Advanced Air Defence System, developed indigenously by DRDO. What is its primary capability?
A) Long-range intercontinental ballistic missile interception.
B) Submarine detection and anti-submarine warfare.
C) High-altitude, multi-layered drone and missile defense.
D) Providing tactical air support for ground troops in contested zones.
Correct answer: C Notes: The ‘Iron Shield’ Advanced Air Defence System represents a monumental achievement for DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) and India’s self-reliance in defence. Its primary capability lies in providing a robust, multi-layered defence against a wide spectrum of aerial threats, including high-speed fighter jets, cruise missiles, and, crucially, swarms of drones. The system integrates advanced radar technology, precision interceptor missiles, and sophisticated command and control systems to track and neutralize multiple targets simultaneously. This indigenous solution significantly bolsters India’s air defence infrastructure, offering critical protection for strategic assets and population centers against evolving aerial warfare challenges, thus enhancing national security and deterrence capabilities.
4. The World Health Organization (WHO) and leading research institutes recently announced a significant breakthrough in the development of a highly effective vaccine. Which disease is targeted by this new vaccine?
A) A novel strain of influenza.
B) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
C) Dengue Fever, offering broad protection against all serotypes.
D) Alzheimer’s disease progression.
Correct answer: C Notes: The new vaccine represents a monumental breakthrough in the fight against Dengue Fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection that affects hundreds of millions globally each year. Unlike previous candidates, this innovative vaccine offers broad protection against all four serotypes of the Dengue virus (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4), which has been a major challenge in vaccine development. Clinical trials have shown remarkable efficacy and safety profiles across diverse populations. This development holds immense promise for public health, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions where Dengue is endemic, potentially drastically reducing incidence rates, severe cases, and the immense burden on healthcare systems worldwide.
5. The Indian government recently launched the ‘Gram Samriddhi Yojana’ with the aim of boosting rural economies. What is the core objective of this new scheme?
A) Providing free high-speed internet connectivity to all villages.
B) Subsidizing agricultural exports to international markets.
C) Promoting sustainable rural entrepreneurship and skill development.
D) Establishing urban-style healthcare facilities in remote rural areas.
Correct answer: C Notes: The ‘Gram Samriddhi Yojana’ is a flagship initiative launched by the Indian government to address rural economic disparities and foster sustainable growth. Its core objective is to empower rural communities by promoting entrepreneurship and enhancing skill development among villagers. The scheme provides financial assistance, mentorship programs, and access to modern training for individuals interested in starting small businesses in sectors like handicrafts, food processing, eco-tourism, and digital services. By nurturing local talent and providing economic opportunities within rural areas, the ‘Gram Samriddhi Yojana’ aims to reduce rural-urban migration, create self-reliant villages, and contribute significantly to India’s overall economic resilience and inclusive development agenda.
