1. Recently, which Indian institute successfully demonstrated a secure quantum communication link over 1000 km, setting a new national record for long-distance quantum key distribution?
Correct answer: C) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Notes: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has achieved a significant milestone by demonstrating a secure quantum communication link over 1000 km. This breakthrough marks a national record for long-distance quantum key distribution (QKD) in India, an essential technology for future-proofing communication against advanced cyber threats. The successful demonstration highlights India’s growing capabilities in quantum technology, crucial for strategic sectors like defense, finance, and critical infrastructure. This achievement positions India among a select few nations developing such advanced secure communication systems, paving the way for more robust and unhackable data transfer mechanisms across the country.
2. The ‘Global Climate Resilience Pact,’ a new agreement focused on providing enhanced financial and technological support for climate change adaptation, was recently adopted at which international conference?
Correct answer: C) COP30 (Conference of the Parties) Notes: The ‘Global Climate Resilience Pact’ was a pivotal outcome of COP30, held in late 2025. This landmark agreement aims to significantly accelerate global efforts in climate change adaptation, particularly for vulnerable nations. It mandates developed countries to increase financial contributions and facilitate technology transfer to developing countries for building resilient infrastructure and communities. The pact emphasizes localized adaptation strategies, early warning systems, and nature-based solutions to mitigate the escalating impacts of extreme weather events. Its adoption represents a crucial step towards a more equitable and proactive global response to the irreversible effects of climate change, underscoring collective responsibility.
3. The ‘PM Aatmanirbhar Bharat Udyam Nidhi’ scheme, aimed at providing collateral-free loans up to ₹50 lakhs to new Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), was officially launched across the country last month. Which ministry is the nodal agency for its implementation?
A) Ministry of Finance
B) Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME)
C) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
D) Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
Correct answer: B) Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) Notes: The ‘PM Aatmanirbhar Bharat Udyam Nidhi’ scheme is a flagship initiative spearheaded by the Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME). Launched last month, its primary objective is to invigorate the MSME sector by providing much-needed financial impetus through collateral-free loans. This scheme addresses a critical challenge faced by budding entrepreneurs and small businesses – access to credit. By facilitating easier financing up to ₹50 lakhs, it aims to foster innovation, generate employment, and strengthen the entrepreneurial ecosystem across India, significantly contributing to the nation’s vision of a self-reliant economy and robust industrial growth.
4. India recently concluded the ‘Exercise Dharma Guardian 2025’ with which country, focusing on counter-terrorism operations, jungle warfare, and enhancing interoperability between the two armies?
A) United States
B) Japan
C) France
D) United Kingdom
Correct answer: B) Japan Notes: India and Japan recently concluded the annual bilateral military exercise, ‘Dharma Guardian 2025,’ held at the Joint Training Node in Meghalaya. This exercise is a crucial component of the strategic partnership between the two nations, focusing intensely on enhancing interoperability and sharing best practices in counter-terrorism operations, especially in challenging jungle and semi-urban terrains. Troops from both armies engaged in tactical drills, planning sessions, and mock scenarios to refine their skills in urban warfare, hostage rescue, and intelligence sharing. Such joint exercises significantly bolster defense cooperation, foster mutual understanding, and contribute to regional security and stability in the Indo-Pacific.
5. Which Indian city was recently selected by UNESCO as a ‘Creative City of Literature’ for its rich literary heritage, vibrant publishing industry, and ongoing efforts to promote reading and indigenous languages?
A) Kolkata
B) Thiruvananthapuram
C) Varanasi
D) Jaipur
Correct answer: B) Thiruvananthapuram Notes: Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala, has been recognized by UNESCO as a ‘Creative City of Literature’ in its latest round of designations. This prestigious title acknowledges the city’s profound literary history, which includes contributions from renowned Malayalam writers and poets, as well as its dynamic contemporary literary scene. The recognition also highlights Thiruvananthapuram’s sustained efforts in promoting reading culture through public libraries, literary festivals, and initiatives to preserve and propagate indigenous languages. This designation is expected to boost cultural tourism, foster international collaborations in literature, and further empower the local artistic and creative communities, enhancing its global cultural footprint.
